An ulcer is a sore or lesion that forms in the lining of the stomach or duodenum. Ulcers in the stomach are called gastric or stomach ulcers, and those in the duodenum are called duodenal ulcers, and both are usually referred to as peptic ulcers.
Ulcers form when the protective lining of the stomach or duodenum (mucosa, submucosa) becomes eroded. Despite the popular belief that peptic ulcers are caused by spicy foods or stress, the truth is they're not. But ulcers can be aggravated by them. Most of the time, peptic ulcers are caused by infection with a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori (H pylori). Most ulcers can be treated with medications, including antibiotics. But surgery may be needed in some cases.
About 20 million Americans develop at least one ulcer during their lifetime. Ulcers can develop at any age, but are rare among teenagers and even rarer in children. Duodenal ulcers usually occur for the first time between the ages of 30 and 50. Stomach ulcers are more likely to develop in people over age 60. While duodenal ulcers occur more frequently in men than women, stomach ulcers develop more frequently in women than men.
Although ulcers may cause discomfort, they are rarely life threatening. Understanding the causes and symptoms of ulcers, and then getting a diagnosis and proper treatment, most people can find relief.
